pests and diseases
Aphid
Last reviewed 2026-10-04
An aphid is a small, soft-bodied insect that feeds on plant sap. Aphids often cluster on young stems, leaves, or flower buds. Heavy feeding can distort growth, produce sticky honeydew, or contribute to virus spread. Many aphids also have predators and parasites that help suppress populations.
What it means
Aphids vary in color and may have winged and wingless forms. They can reproduce quickly when conditions are favorable. Ants may protect aphids for honeydew, which can complicate control. Identification by color alone is unreliable.
How it affects the garden
Inspect new growth regularly and look for curled leaves, honeydew, ants, or natural enemies. A small population may not justify treatment. Strong water spray can remove aphids from sturdy plants, while more sensitive crops need a gentler approach. Use IPM and follow product labels if a control is needed.
The companion planting checker can help plan habitat, but no pairing guarantees aphid control. Avoid harming beneficial insects that feed on aphids.
Example
A gardener finds aphids and lady beetle larvae on a young plant. Preserving the larvae and checking whether new growth is being damaged may be more useful than spraying immediately.
Common confusion
Aphid damage can resemble nutrient or virus symptoms. The insect and the plant pattern should be examined together.
Sources
University of Minnesota Extension explains aphid identification and management.
