Fennel

Planting fennel

Sow directly in spring after the last frost or in late summer. Fennel grows a taproot and transplants poorly, so sow where it will grow.

Planting details

• Bronze fennel is grown mostly for fronds; Florence fennel for bulbs
• Spacing: 12 to 18 inches
• Seed depth: about 1/4 inch

Growing requirements

Fennel wants full sun and fertile, well-drained soil with steady moisture. For bulbs, consistent water prevents splitting and bolting.

Harvesting and care

Snip fronds as needed. Harvest seed heads when they turn brown, and dig Florence fennel bulbs when they reach tennis-ball size.

Common mistakes

• Transplanting, which disturbs the taproot and triggers bolting
• Planting beside beans or tomatoes, which often grow poorly nearby
• Letting it self-sow unchecked, since seedlings come up everywhere

Companion plants

Keep fennel at the edge of the garden. It is widely reported to inhibit growth in beans, tomatoes, and other nearby crops, so give it its own space.