Vegetable growing guide

Garlic

Allium sativum

Sun

Full sun

Season

Cool

Maturity

8 to 9 months

Water

Moderate

Soil pH

6.0 to 7.0

Spacing

4 to 6 in

Planting garlic

Plant cloves in fall, 4 to 6 weeks before the ground freezes, for the biggest bulbs. Spring planting works but yields smaller heads.

Planting details

  • Plant cloves point-up, 2 inches deep
  • Spacing: 4 to 6 inches
  • Use seed garlic, not supermarket bulbs, which may carry disease

Growing requirements

Garlic needs full sun, fertile well-drained soil, and a cold period to split into cloves. Mulch after planting to hold moisture and buffer winter temperatures.

Harvesting and care

Cut scapes on hardneck types in early summer to send energy to the bulb. Harvest when lower leaves yellow; cure for 2 to 3 weeks before storing.

Common mistakes

  • Planting in spring instead of fall, which cuts bulb size sharply
  • Leaving scapes on, which trades bulb size for flower
  • Pulling bulbs late after skins split, which ruins storage life

Companion plants

Garlic grows among roses, fruit trees, and lettuce without trouble. Keep it away from peas and beans.

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