Vegetable growing guide

Brussels sprouts

Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera

Sun

Full sun

Season

Cool

Maturity

90 to 110 days

Water

Moderate

Soil pH

6.0 to 7.0

Spacing

18 to 24 in

Planting brussels sprouts

In cold climates, transplant out in early to mid summer so sprouts fill as fall cools. Frost improves the flavor, so time the crop to finish in autumn.

Planting details

  • Spacing: 18 to 24 inches; plants get tall and may need staking
  • Pinch the growing tip in late season to fill sprouts faster
  • Seed depth: about 1/4 to 1/2 inch

Growing requirements

Brussels sprouts need full sun, firm fertile soil, and steady moisture over a long season. Warm weather makes loose, open sprouts; cool fall weather tightens them.

Harvesting and care

Pick sprouts from the bottom of the stalk up when they reach walnut size. Plants stand through several frosts, so harvest gradually instead of all at once.

Common mistakes

  • A spring sowing in hot climates, which produces loose sprouts in heat
  • Skipping support, since tall stalks lean badly in wind
  • Waiting too long, so sprouts open into loose leaf rosettes

Companion plants

Follow the same rotation as other brassicas, and plant beets, dill, or lettuce around the base while the plants are young.

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