Vegetable growing guide

Kale

Brassica oleracea var. sabellica

Sun

Full sun

Season

Cool

Maturity

55 to 75 days

Water

Moderate

Soil pH

6.0 to 7.5

Spacing

12 to 18 in

Planting kale

Sow or transplant in early spring for summer harvest, or in mid to late summer for a fall and winter crop. A light frost sweetens the leaves.

Planting details

  • Spacing: 12 to 18 inches
  • Seed depth: about 1/2 inch
  • Tolerates light frost and partial shade

Growing requirements

Kale prefers cool weather, fertile soil, and steady moisture. It is one of the more forgiving brassicas and keeps producing in beds where summer crops have finished.

Harvesting and care

Harvest outer leaves from the bottom of the plant up, and leave the central growing tip intact. Plants often survive deep into winter under snow or row cover.

Common mistakes

  • Sowing only in spring, which misses the easier fall and winter crop
  • Skipping row cover, which leaves plants open to cabbage worms and aphids
  • Cutting the growing tip, which stops new leaf production

Companion plants

Beets, onions, celery, and most herbs grow well near kale. Rotate brassica beds each year so cabbage-family diseases do not build up in the soil.

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